• Oxidative stress has recently been reported as

  2023-04-10

  

  Oxidative stress has recently been reported as one of the important mechanisms of toxic effect of Cd2+[43]. The mechanism of Cd2+-induced oxidative stress involves an imbalance between generation and removal of ROS in tissues and cellular components, causing damage to membranes, DNA, and proteins [4

• br Conclusions The following are the supplementary data

  2023-04-10

  

  Conclusions The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Author contributions Conflict of interest Funding sources This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research [grant: MOP-79470]. Introduction Sperm cells undergo a number of physical and

• During the year study period of men in the dutasteride

  2023-04-10

  

  During the 4-year study period, 19.9% of men in the dutasteride group developed prostate cancer as compared to 25.1% in the placebo group, which represents an absolute risk hydralazine hydrochloride of 5.1% for men taking dutasteride (Pe weighed against the prospect of undesirable sexual side effec

• GSK2269557 Later the same group designed and prepared severa

  2023-04-10

  

  Later, the same group designed and prepared several Δ16-steroidal C17 benzoazoles and pyrazines and evaluated their CYP17 and 5α-reductase inhibitory activities, binding to and transactivation of the AR, as well as their antiproliferative effects against two human PC cell lines (LNCaP and LAPC4) [18

• br Introduction Throughout early prophase I

  2023-04-10

  

  Introduction Throughout early prophase I, meiotic cells intentionally generate DSBs as part of a stringently controlled process to initiate homologous recombination (HR). HR is a critical DSB repair pathway that ultimately permits the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes

• AR Vs are truncated AR proteins lacking the

  2023-04-10

  

  AR-Vs are truncated AR proteins lacking the AR ligand-binding domain (AR-LBD) [6]. While AR-Vs have frequently been detected in CRPC, their expression and functional role in benign prostate tissues and primary prostate cancers is not readily apparent. Structural rearrangements in the AR gene and alt

• Pioneering studies on the immunomodulatory role of adenosine

  2023-04-07

  

  Pioneering studies on the immunomodulatory role of adenosine date back to the early ‘70 s of last century (Fig. 1), when the critical role of this nucleoside in shaping the development and the activity of several immune cell populations was first established [[18], [19], [20], [21], [22]]. This then

• br Conflict s of interest

  2023-04-07

  

  Conflict(s) of interest Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of childhood blindness Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease of premature infants which disrupts normal retinal vascularization (Fleck and McIntosh, 2008). With increased survival of extremely premature infants

• During myeloid cell maturation expression

  2023-04-07

  

  During myeloid cell maturation, expression of 5-LO mRNA and protein is strongly induced (60–130-fold) by calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D3) and transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) [6,7]. The upregulation of 5-LO mRNA transcription is mainly due to transcript elongation and mRNA maturation [8,9]. Interestingly

• Fmoc-Gln(Trt)-OPfp br ARIs in the prevention of prostate can

  2023-04-07

  

  5ARIs in the prevention of prostate cancer Prostate cancer continues to be a leading cause of male deaths worldwide. In 2009, it was estimated there would be 192,280 new cases of prostate cancer with a predicted 27,360 deaths [25]. Because androgens, and specifically DHT, play a large role in bot

• In the present study we sought to

  2023-04-07

  

  In the present study we sought to decipher the role of ATP-citrate lyase and of the mitochondrial NADH-dependent Mae in the oleaginous yeast Y. lipolytica. Indeed, although this yeast is one of the major models for lipid metabolism, the function of these enzymes is still not clear. As the study of t

• shows the complexes resulting from interaction of the

  2023-04-06

  

  shows the complexes resulting from interaction of the proposed anion receptors with the anions F, Cl, NO, and SO. No imaginary frequency was observed for the optimized complexes indicating the complexes are in potential minima and they are not transition state structures. summarizes the calculate

• Another interesting aspect of neutralizing AP is the inhibit

  2023-04-06

  

  Another interesting aspect of neutralizing AP-1 is the inhibition of interactions between AP-1 and Smad proteins, which synergize to activate the TGF-β1-responsive genes involved in hypertrophic growth of the heart muscle and in the development of cardiac fibrosis. Through preventing AP-1 activation

• br Declarations Funding None for the paper in

  2023-04-06

  

  Declarations Funding: None for the paper in question. Competing interests: Florent Morio has received speaker's fees from Gilead, Basilea, and MSD and travel grants from Gilead, MSD, Pfizer, Basilea, and Astellas. Ethical approval: Not relevant for the paper in question. Introduction Lactic

• Due to anatomical and physiologic characteristics

  2023-04-06

  

  Due to anatomical and physiologic characteristics of the eye, administration of ophthalmic medicines is difficult and many studies showed that only approximately 5% of the administrated dose are absorbed by intraocular tissues, making the treatment unfeasible for diseases located in posterior segmen

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