• br The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy and

  2024-04-29

  

  The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy and Regulation by Sphingolipids Sphingolipid-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved stress response that typically promotes survival and antagonizes apoptosis. However, excessive autophagy was found to

• Secondly leptin has been shown

  2024-04-29

  

  Secondly, leptin has been shown to enhance aromatase mRNA expression, aromatase content and its enzymatic activity in epithelial breast cancer (±)-Nutlin-3 by inducing promoters II and I.3 via an enhanced binding of transcription activator protein 1 (AP-1) complex to specific DNA sites in the promo

• br Author contribution br Acknowledgement br Introduction

  2024-04-29

  

  Author contribution Acknowledgement Introduction Since the initial finding of Gould et al. [1], showing the loss of dendritic spines in the hippocampus after ovariectomy and its rescue after treatment of the animals with estradiol, a tremendous number of studies have demonstrated a role of

• Plant defensins Vriens et al and linear AMPs Domingues

  2024-04-28

  

  Plant defensins (Vriens et al., 2014) and linear AMPs (Domingues et al., 2015, Liu et al., 2008) have been shown to present several modes of action. Among these different mechanisms, permeabilization of the fungal membrane has been described as a secondary effect of plant defensin action (Vriens et 

• Calcium entry through postsynaptic NMDARs activates intracel

  2024-04-28

  

  Calcium entry through postsynaptic NMDARs activates intracellular signaling cascades including Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and calcineurin. The spatiotemporal abundance of this Ca2+/CaM complex determines the direction of synaptic plasticity, resulting in LTP (Malinow

• Some of the earliest LOX inhibitors were redox inhibitors

  2024-04-28

  

  Some of the earliest 12-LOX inhibitors were redox inhibitors, including nordihydroguaiaretic SMIP004 (NDGA), BW 755C, and baicalein 48, 49, 50. Redox inhibitors block the oxidation of the nonheme iron at the cataylytic site, preventing its conversion from the inactive (Fe2+) to the active (Fe3+) st

• Due to metabolic variations it is

  2024-04-28

  

  Due to metabolic variations, it is important to consider arginine metabolism and dependency in specific contexts to identify precise patterns. This is best illustrated for ASS: while ASS deficiency correlates with worse prognosis in sarcomas, ASS levels positively correlate with a poor prognosis in

• VO-Ohpic trihydrate It thus appeared reasonable that AR need

  2024-04-28

  

  It thus appeared reasonable that AR needed to be inhibited and great experimental efforts began which are still on-going [6]. Indeed, hundreds of ARIs have been characterized but no significant drug development has followed. The case of Sorbinil, which did not pass clinical trials is emblematic [7]

• HsALDH enzyme has been purified

  2024-04-28

  

  HsALDH enzyme has been purified for the first time in our laboratory from human saliva and has been kinetically characterized using different aromatic substrates [35]. Also, the effect of some common substances frequently encountered by the enzyme in the oral cavity (such as ethanol, hydrogen peroxi

• br Author contributions br Funding This work was supported b

  2024-04-28

  

  Author contributions Funding This work was supported by the Czech Science Foundation, project no. 14-16220S. Additional support was provided by NIH R01CA117907 grant awarded to J.M.E. Conflict of interest Introduction The dioxin-like family includes polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons

• br Introduction ACK or Activated Cdc

  2024-04-28

  

  Introduction ACK1, or Activated Cdc42-Associated Kinase, located on chromosome 3q, is a ubiquitously expressed non-receptor tyrosine kinase cloned from a human BET bromodomain inhibitor cDNA library (Manser et al., 1993). It was first identified to bind to activated Cdc42, a small Ras GTPase via

• Introduction The first use of the term

  2024-04-27

  

  Introduction The first use of the term “autophagy” by a French physiologist, M. Anselmier, in a short article describing the effects of fasting in mice published in 1859, took place almost a century before Christian De Duve described it from a mechanistic point of view in a symposium on lysosomes i

• At first the APC is a kDa protein

  2024-04-27

  

  At first, the APC is a 310kDa protein divided into three domains such as N-terminal, central core and C-terminal domain [102], plays a major role to regulate the Wnt signaling pathway in human cancer by translating β-catenin from the S63845 synthesis to the nucleus [103]. The SIRT1 regulates the Wn

• Maintaining the normal vaginal fluid acidity is

  2024-04-27

  

  Maintaining the normal vaginal fluid acidity is important for vaginal functions (Wagner and Levin 1984). Estrogen has been shown essential in maintaining the acidity of vaginal fluid, in which its deficiency could cause vaginal fluid pH to increase (Gorodeski et al. 2005). After menopause, low estro

• Previous research showed that combination of chitosan and

  2024-04-27

  

  Previous research showed that combination of chitosan and Kobe0065 synthesis nanocrystals (CNCs) can produce coating films with superior properties (Naseri, Mathew, Girandon, Fröhlich, & Oksman, 2015). CNCs are crystalline nanometer sized rod-like particles. It has been demonstrated that antimicrob

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